Akkadian verb form with verb pattern with English with pattern and English

G Gt Gtn D Dt Dtt Dtn Š Št1 Št2 Štn N Nt Ntn ŠD R Rtn DRt DRt x Search options and verb analyser (check new options!)

enter infinitive (e.g. amaarum or amārum) or just the radicals (e.g. 'mr).
h=ḫ; c=š; s,=ṣ; t,=ṭ; x=(any);
aa=ā; aaa=â; ee=ē; eee=ê; ii=ī; iii=î; uu=ū; uuu=û;
to search logograms, use ':', e.g., :MU4;
to search English, use '"', e.g., "to know"
to search all verbs with a DRt stem: "DRt"
Babylonian Verb Analyser (under construction):
 Finite verb form can be entered in the search field in "( )" brackets, e.g., (u2-ša-aš2-ši).
 If more tolerance in spelling should be allowed (e.g. with suffixes), add *, e.g., (ip-ru-uš)*.
 This feature still has problems with some irregular forms and does not understand imperatives and statives.
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subjunctive

ventive

 

to him to her to thee (m) to thee (f) to me to them (m) to them (f) to you (m) to you (f) to us  IO  

him her thee (m) thee (f) me them (m) them (f) you (m) you (f) us  DO

-ma

št→lt etc. 

lt→ss 

dissimilate bb/dd/gg/zz 

stative active

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About this project

The Babylonian Verb Conjugator and Analyser (BVC, BVA) provides information the conjugation, construction and meaning of ideally all Akkadian verbs based on the following dictionaries:

• J. Black, A. George, N. Postgate, A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian (2000) (abbreviated as CDA).
• W. von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, 3 volumes, 1965-1981 (abbreviated as AHW).
• The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 26 volumes, 1956-2010 (abbreviated as CAD).

• It offers a very fast lookup of verbs, their meaning, construction, and conjugation using the search field. You can
  • search infinitives or just the radicals; the tool then shows all verbs with the same three (or four) radicals. Use "x" as a wild card if, e.g., you do not know if the first radical is an n or ' or w.
  • search logograms by entering, e.g., :MU4 ; use the colon : to indicate that you are searching a logogram.
  • search English meanings, e.g. "to love" or just "love" ; use the " to indicate that you are searching an English meaning. In the same way you can search for all verbs that have a DRt stem; just enter "DRt:". (Do not forget the ".)
  • verb analyser (under construction): search finite verb forms in ( ) brackets like (u2-ša-aš2-ši). This feature still has some errors. It does not understand some Assyrian and late forms, nor does it currently understand imperatives and statives.
• It allows you to avoid tedious search of paradigms and conjugation tables in a printed work.
• You can easily experiment with suffixes, accusative, dative, ventive, subjunctive. Printed works do not offer that.
• To help you find a verb in a dictionary, BVC provides page numbers for CAD, AHW, and CDA.
• BVC also refers to page numbers in von Soden and Huehnergard where information on the selected verb or its paradigm is given.

BVC should not be considered a dictionary of verbs. If you want to determine the exact meaning of a verb, please look it up in the dictionaries mentioned above.

Donations

Donations are greatly appreciated for this leasure time project. Please send money to our PayPal account at sumerian.verb@gmail.com.

Further plans

BVC could be improved considerably:

• An Assyrian option could be added.
• Analysis of Assyrian and late forms could be improved in BVA.
• BVA could be taught imperatives, statives, and participles.
• The tool could be edited by a native English speaker.
• The dictionary of BVC could be improved.

Release history

Version of 23 July 2023

- Reflexive forms with ramānu are now treated more correctly.
- BVA: some redundant results were removed.

Version of 10 May 2023

- BVA (verb analyser) improved: less results, unless * is added, e.g. "(ip-ru-uš)*".
- Verb nadānum improved (BVA works better for Assyrian and late forms).

Version of 23 February 2023

- BVC error with dative suffixes of 1st person.
- minor improvements.

Version of 10 July 2022

- BVA (analyser) has been considerably improved since May.
- errors have been fixed
- more Assyrian and late forms are understood
- multiple interpretations of final -u, -a, -i are supported (e.g. -u as plural or subjunctive or stem vowel)
- About 270 very rare verbs with attested finite forms have been added.

Version of 8 May 2022

BVA (analyser) improved:
- verbs izuzzum, zâzum, ezēzum
- D and Š of other verbs improved

Version of 23 April 2022

BVA improved (e.g., difficult verbs edûm/išûm) and some errors fixed.

Version of 13 April 2022

BVA understands Assyrian vowel harmony in most cases

Version of 10 April 2022

Babylonian Verb Analyser (BVA, under construction) was released:
Finite verb forms can be added in ( ) brackets in the search field.
Currently, it does not work for imperatives and statives yet.

Version of 6 March 2022

- epēšum, alternatively u/u, also in N (Huehnergard p. 376)

Version of 1/3 March 2022

Bug fixes:
- N stem pres. of izuzzum corrected (pret. and perf. are speculative)
- Errors in page numbers for CAD were corrected

Version of 19 February 2022

- Bug fix: tables of wârum improved, however, some forms are still problematic.

Version of 16 February 2022

- Bug fix: Š stem I-weak corrected.

Version of 29 October 2021

- Bug fix: Dative suffix now possible without ventive.

Version of 20 October 2021

- Some errors in verb data corrected.

Version of 14 October 2021

- Verbs (CDA) complete, except some for which only statives or infinitives are attested.
- Search function further improved. Radicals can be entered instead of infinitive. Wildcard "x" can be used.
- For each verb, the paradigm in Huehnergard is indicated, if existing, with page number in the 2nd and 3rd editions (2005 and 2011).
- Some errors in verb data (babverbdata.js) corrected.

Version of 7 October 2021 (2)

- Some verbs now have active stative automatically.
English translations of stative forms usually do not express the stative character well. However, activity and passivity should be handled correctly.

Version of 1 October 2021

- Search function further improved: radicals can be entered in search field.

Version of 26 September 2021

- Ntn stem of verbs primae n now without assimilation of n (Huehnergard p. 450).

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